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{{=fr=}}
{{ébauche|fr}}
 
{{-nom-|fr}}
'''penkyamp''' {{m}}
# Système de [[translittération]] pour écrire le [[cantonais]] avec l'alphabetl’alphabet latin et des accents diacritiques ou chiffres pour marquer les tons.
 
==== Les lettres====
* '''a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p (q) s t u w y j'''
 
===== Initiales =====
A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P (q) S T U W Y J
{{(}}
* '''b''' : {{pron|p}}
* '''c''' : {{pron|ts'}}
* '''d''' : {{pron|t}}
* '''f''' : {{pron|f}}
{{-}}
* '''g''' : {{pron|k}}
* '''h''' : {{pron|h}}
* '''k''' : {{pron|k'}}
* '''l''' : {{pron|l}}
{{-}}
* '''m''' : {{pron|m}}
* '''n''' : {{pron|n}}
* '''p''' : {{pron|p'}}
* '''s''' : {{pron|s}}
{{-}}
* '''t''' : {{pron|t'}}
* '''w''' : {{pron|w}}
* '''y''' : {{pron|j}}
* '''j''' : {{pron|ts}}
{{)}}
 
===== Voyelles et diphtongues (combinaisons de voyelles) =====
===Initials===
{{(}}
; Voyelles courtes (''lenis'') <nowiki>:</nowiki>
:* '''a''' : {{pron|a}} ("a" + "g", "b", "d", "ng", "m", "n", "i", "u")
:* '''e''' : {{pron|ɛ}}
:* '''i''' : {{pron|i}}
:* '''o''' : {{pron|ɔ}}
:* '''u''' : {{pron|u}}
:* '''eo''' : {{pron|ɶ}}
:* '''eu''' : {{pron|y}}
; Voyelles longues (''cortis'') <nowiki>:</nowiki>
:* '''ah''' : {{pron|ɐ}} ("a" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
:* '''eh''' : {{pron|e}} ("e" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
:* '''oh''' : {{pron|o}} ("o" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
{{-}}
; Diphtongues <nowiki>:</nowiki>
:* '''ai''' : {{pron|ai}}
:* '''oi''' : {{pron|&#596;y}}
:* '''ui''' : {{pron|uy}}
:* '''au''' : {{pron|au}}
:* '''iu''' : {{pron|iw}}
:* '''ay''' : {{pron|&#608;j}}
:* '''ey''' : {{pron|ej}}
:* '''oy''' : {{pron|øy}} ({{pron|ø}} est un allophone de {{pron|o}})
:* '''aw''' : {{pron|&#608;u}}
:* '''ow''' : {{pron|ow}}
{{-}}
; Tonalités <nowiki>:</nowiki>
:* '''1''' : ''jäw'' ({{lang/span|yue|周}}) = 66;
:* '''2''' : ''hãw'' ({{lang/span|yue|口}}) = 35;
:* '''3''' : ''dîm'' ({{lang/span|yue|店}}) = 44;
:* '''4''' : ''ho'' ({{lang/span|yue|河}}) = 11;
:* '''5''' : ''mów'' ({{lang/span|yue|母}}) = 24;
:* '''6''' : ''dòw'' ({{lang/span|yue|渡}}) = 22.
{{)}}
 
===== Toutes les finales du cantonais =====
*B [p]
: ({{lang/span|yue|''广东话韵母全表''}})
*C [ts']
{{(}}
*D [t]
* {{lang/span|yue|爸 a 大 ai 跑 au 男 am 眼 an 硬 ang 集 ab 辣 ad 白 ag}}
*F [f]
* {{lang/span|yue|睇 ay 口 aw 飲 amp 新 ant 等 ank 十 ap 一 at 黑 ak 啦 ah}}
*G [k]
* {{lang/span|yue|車 e 掉(白读) eau 舔(白读) em 餅 eng 夾(白读) eb 咶(白读) ed 石 eg}}
*H [h]
* {{lang/span|yue|食 ek 明 enk 肥 ey}}
*K [k']
* {{lang/span|yue|知 i 少 iu 點 im 面 in 葉 ib 熱 id}}
*L [l]
* {{lang/span|yue|佢 oy 蠢 ont 出 ot 用 onk 六 ok}}
*M [m]
{{-}}
*N [n]
* {{lang/span|yue|坐 o 開 oi 做 ow 乾 on 講 ong 渴 od 學 og}}
*P [p']
* {{lang/span|yue|苦 u 杯 ui 門 un 活 ud}}
*S [s]
* {{lang/span|yue|書 eu 短 eun 月 eud}}
*T [t']
* {{lang/span|yue|靴 eo 想 eong 藥 eog 曰 eod}}
*W [w]
* {{lang/span|yue|唔 m 五 ng}}
*Y [j]
{{)}}
*J [ts]
 
==Voyelle et les combinations des voyelles==
 
Lenis
 
*A [a] ("a" + "g", "b", "d", "ng", "m", "n", "i", "u")
*E [&#603;]
*I [i]
*O [&#596;]
*U [u]
*Eo [&#630;]
*Eu [y]
 
Cortis
 
*Ah [&#608;] ("a" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
*Eh [e] ("e" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
*Oh [o] ("o" + "h", "k", "p", "t", "nk", "mp", "nt", "y", "w")
 
Diphthongs
 
*Ai [ai]
*Oi [&#596;y]
*Ui [uy]
*Au [au]
*Iu [iw]
*Ay [&#608;j]
*Ey [ej]
*Oy [øy] ([ø] est une allophone de [o])
*Aw [&#608;u]
*Ow [ow]
 
==Tonalités==
 
 
*1: “J&auml;w”(周),= 66;
*2: “H&atilde;w”(口),= 35;
*3: “D&icirc;m”(店),= 44;
*4: “Ho”(河),= 11;
*5: “M&oacute;w”(母),= 24;
*6: “D&ograve;w”(渡),= 22。
 
===Touts les finals du Cantonais===
 
::(''广东话韵母全表'')
 
::爸 a 大 ai 跑 au 男 am 眼 an 硬 ang 集 ab 辣 ad 白 ag
::睇 ay 口 aw 飲 amp 新 ant 等 ank 十 ap 一 at 黑 ak 啦 ah
::車 e 掉(白读) eau 舔(白读) em 餅 eng 夾(白读) eb 咶(白读) ed 石 eg
::食 ek 明 enk 肥 ey
::知 i 少 iu 點 im 面 in 葉 ib 熱 id
::佢 oy 蠢 ont 出 ot 用 onk 六 ok
::坐 o 開 oi 做 ow 乾 on 講 ong 渴 od 學 og
::苦 u 杯 ui 門 un 活 ud
::書 eu 短 eun 月 eud
::靴 eo 想 eong 藥 eog 曰 eod
::唔 m 五 ng
 
 
 
{| border=1 cellpadding=2
!bgcolor=#F49948|Charactère
!bgcolor=#F49948|Pinyin Mandarine
 
!bgcolor=#F49948|Penkyamp Cantonais
 
!||bgcolor=#F49948|Charactère
!bgcolor=#F49948|Pinyin
 
!bgcolor=#F49948|Penkyamp
 
!||bgcolor=#F49948|Charactère
!bgcolor=#F49948|Pinyin
 
!bgcolor=#F49948|Penkyamp
 
===== Transcriptions de base (comparées au pinyin du mandarin) =====
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|Caractère}}
|<big>北京</big>||<big>Běi jīng</big>||<big>Bäk Gënk</big>||||<big>花</big>||<big>Huā</big>||<big>Fä</big>||||<big>写</big>||<big>Xiě</big>||<big>Sẽ</big>
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|pinyin mandarin}}
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|penkyamp cantonais}}
|rowspan="17" bgcolor="transparent"| &nbsp;
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|Caractère}}
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|pinyin mandarin}}
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|penkyamp cantonais}}
|rowspan="17" bgcolor="transparent"| &nbsp;
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|Caractère}}
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|pinyin mandarin}}
!style="background:#FF9944"| {{lang/span|fr|penkyamp cantonais}}
|-
| <big>北京</big> ||<big>Jì</big>||<big>Jî</big> ''běi jīng'' || bäk gënk || <big></big> ||<big>Wǒ</big>||<big>Ngó</big> ''huā'' |||| <big></big> ||<big>Hú</big> ''xiě'' ||<big>Wú</big> sẽ
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Xuē</big>||<big>Hëo</big> ''jì'' |||| <big></big> ||<big>Jhù</big>||<big>Céu</big> ''wǒ'' || ngó || <big></big> ||<big>Huài</big> ''hú'' ||<big>Wài</big>
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Wài</big>||<big>Ngòi</big> ''xuē'' || hëo || <big></big> ||<big>Bèi</big>||<big>Bûi</big> ''jhù'' || céu || <big></big> ||<big>Jiào</big> ''huài'' ||<big>Gâu</big> wài
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Yāo</big>||<big>Yïu</big> ''wài'' || ngòi || <big></big> ||<big>Fèi</big>||<big>Fây</big> ''bèi'' || bûi || <big></big> ||<big>Dì</big> ''jiào'' ||<big>Dèy</big> gâu
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Jhuī</big>||<big>Jöy</big> ''yāo'' || yïu || <big></big> ||<big>Gǒu</big>||<big>Gãw</big> ''fèi'' || fây || <big></big> ||<big>Lù</big> ''dì'' ||<big>Lòw</big> dèy
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Yā</big>||<big>Ngâb</big> ''jhuī'' || jöy || <big></big> ||<big>Shā</big>||<big>Sâd</big> ''gǒu'' || gãw || <big></big> ||<big>Bǎi</big> ''lù'' ||<big>Bâg</big> lòw
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Sān</big>||<big>Säm</big> ''yā'' || ngâb || <big></big> ||<big>Màn</big>||<big>Màn</big> ''shā'' || sâd || <big></big> ||<big>Xíng</big> ''bǎi'' ||<big>Hang</big> bâg
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Jù</big>||<big>Kèg</big> ''sān'' || säm || <big></big> ||<big>Jìng</big>||<big>Gêng</big> ''màn'' || màn || <big></big> ||<big>Yè</big> ''xíng'' ||<big>Yìb</big> hang
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Rè</big>||<big>Yìd</big> ''jù'' || kèg || <big></big> ||<big>Jiàn</big>||<big>Gîm</big> ''jìng'' || gêng || <big>线</big> ||<big>Xiàn</big> ''yè'' ||<big>Sîn</big> yìb
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Kě</big>||<big>Hôd</big> ''rè'' || yìd || <big></big> ||<big>Guó</big>||<big>Guôg</big> ''jiàn'' || gîm || <big>线</big> ||<big>Àn</big> ''xiàn'' ||<big>Ngòn</big> sîn
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Bāng</big>||<big>Böng</big> ''kě'' || hôd || <big></big> ||<big>Huó</big>||<big>Wùd</big> ''guó'' || guôg || <big></big> ||<big>Huàn</big> ''àn'' ||<big>Wùn</big> ngòn
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Jí</big>||<big>Gäp</big> ''bāng'' || böng || <big></big> ||<big>Shī</big>||<big>Sät</big> ''huó'' || wùd || <big></big> ||<big>Dé</big> ''huàn'' ||<big>Däk</big> wùn
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Xīn</big>||<big>Sämp</big> ''jí'' || gäp || <big></big> ||<big>Xīn</big>||<big>Sänt</big> ''shī'' || sät || <big></big> ||<big>Shēng</big> ''dé'' ||<big>Sänk</big> däk
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Shí</big>||<big>Sèk</big> ''xīn'' || sämp || <big></big> ||<big>Jīng</big>||<big>Jënk</big> ''xīn'' || sänt || <big></big> ||<big>Chū</big> ''shēng'' ||<big>Cöt</big> sänk
|-
| <big></big> ||<big>Kū</big>||<big>Hök</big> ''shí'' || sèk || <big></big> ||<big>Xìn</big>||<big>Sônt</big> ''jīng'' || jënk || <big></big> ||<big>Jhōng</big> ''chū'' ||<big>Jönk</big> cöt
|-
| <big>哭</big> || ''kū'' || hök || <big>信</big> || ''xìn'' || sônt || <big>中</big> || ''jhōng'' || jönk
|}
 
{{-voir-}}
==Lien==
* http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Utilisateur:Penkyamp
 
http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Utilisateur:Penkyamp
 
[[ru:penkyamp]]